<!doctype HTML public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Frameset//EN">

<html>

<head>
<title>Add/Modify Standard</title>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
<meta name="generator" content="RoboHelp by eHelp Corporation www.ehelp.com">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../Manual_ns.css"><script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" title="WebHelpSplitCss">
<!--
if (navigator.appName !="Netscape")
{   document.write("<link rel='stylesheet' href='../../../Manual.css'>");}
//-->
</script>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
img_whs1 { border:none; width:32px; height:37px; float:none; border-style:none; }
img_whs2 { border:none; width:596px; height:387px; border-style:none; }
ul.whs3 { list-style:disc; }
img_whs4 { border:none; width:36px; height:37px; float:none; border-style:none; }
table.whs5 { x-cell-content-align:Center; }
tr.whs6 { x-cell-content-align:top; }
td.whs7 { width:24%; }
p.whs8 { font-weight:bold; }
td.whs9 { width:76%; }
p.whs10 { font-family:'Courier New' , monospace; }
hr.whs11 { float:aligncenter; width:50%; x-condition:OLH; }
img_whs12 { border:none; width:207px; height:125px; border-style:none; }
img_whs13 { border:none; width:252px; height:207px; border-style:none; }
img_whs14 { border:none; width:360px; height:43px; border-style:none; }
p.whs15 { margin-left:28pt; }
img_whs16 { border:none; width:290px; height:47px; border-style:none; }
img_whs17 { border:none; width:484px; height:237px; border-style:none; }
img_whs18 { border:none; width:16px; height:9px; float:none; border-style:none; }
table.whs19 { x-cell-content-align:top; border-spacing:0px; }
td.whs20 { border-left-width:1px; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:Solid; border-top-style:Solid; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-width:1px; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:Solid; border-bottom-style:Solid; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-width:1px; padding-right:10px; padding-left:10px; }
td.whs21 { border-top-style:Solid; border-top-color:#000000; border-top-width:1px; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:Solid; border-bottom-style:Solid; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-width:1px; padding-right:10px; padding-left:10px; }
td.whs22 { border-left-width:1px; border-left-color:#000000; border-left-style:Solid; border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:Solid; border-bottom-style:Solid; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-width:1px; padding-right:10px; padding-left:10px; }
td.whs23 { border-right-width:1px; border-right-color:#000000; border-right-style:Solid; border-bottom-style:Solid; border-bottom-color:#000000; border-bottom-width:1px; padding-right:10px; padding-left:10px; }
img_whs24 { border:none; width:16px; height:14px; float:none; border-style:none; }
-->
</style><script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" title="WebHelpInlineScript">
<!--
function reDo() {
  if (innerWidth != origWidth || innerHeight != origHeight)
     location.reload();
}
if ((parseInt(navigator.appVersion) == 4) && (navigator.appName == "Netscape")) {
	origWidth = innerWidth;
	origHeight = innerHeight;
	onresize = reDo;
}
onerror = null; 
//-->
</script>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
div.WebHelpPopupMenu { position:absolute; left:0px; top:0px; z-index:4; visibility:hidden; }
-->
</style><script type="text/javascript" language="javascript1.2" src="../../../whmsg.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" language="javascript" src="../../../whver.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" language="javascript1.2" src="../../../whproxy.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" language="javascript1.2" src="../../../whutils.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" language="javascript1.2" src="../../../whtopic.js"></script>
</head>
<body><script type="text/javascript" language="javascript1.2">
<!--
if (window.gbWhTopic)
{
	if (window.addTocInfo)
	{
	addTocInfo("GUI Reference\nChannel\nCalibration\nCalibration Kits\nAdd/Modify Standard");
addTocInfo("GUI Reference\nChannel\nCalibration\nCalibration Kits\nAdd/Modify Standard\nModify Offset");
addTocInfo("GUI Reference\nChannel\nCalibration\nCalibration Kits\nAdd/Modify Standard\nModify Load");
addTocInfo("GUI Reference\nChannel\nCalibration\nCalibration Kits\nAdd/Modify Standard\nCalibration Standard Types");
addButton("show",BTN_TEXT,"Show","","","","",0,0,"","","");

	}
	if (window.writeBtnStyle)
		writeBtnStyle();

	if (window.writeIntopicBar)
		writeIntopicBar(1);

	if (window.setRelStartPage)
	{
	setRelStartPage("../../../Start.htm");

		autoSync(1);
		sendSyncInfo();
		sendAveInfoOut();
	}
}
else
	if (window.gbIE4)
		document.location.reload();
//-->
</script><script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript1.2" src="../../../ehlpdhtm.js" x-save-method="compute-relative" name="EHELP_DHTM"></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
		language=JavaScript1.2>
<!-- 
if( typeof( kadovInitEffects ) != 'function' ) kadovInitEffects = new Function();if( typeof( kadovInitTrigger ) != 'function' ) kadovInitTrigger = new Function();if( typeof( kadovFilePopupInit ) != 'function' ) kadovFilePopupInit = new Function();if( typeof( kadovTextPopupInit ) != 'function' ) kadovTextPopupInit = new Function();
 //-->
</script>


<form>


<h5>Add or View / Modify Standard &nbsp;&nbsp;
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onClick="var e; if (parseInt(navigator.appVersion)>=4){e=event;}  if (parseInt(navigator.appVersion) >=2 && typeof(PopupMenu_Invoke) == 'function') PopupMenu_Invoke(e,'','Calibration (general description)','../../../System_Overview/Calibration/Calibration.htm','Calibration Kits','Calibration_Kits.htm','Guided Calibration: Measure Standards','Guided_Calibration.htm#Measure_Standards');return false;" title="Related Topics"><img src="../../../ss_btn_related_topics1.gif" border=0 height=17 width=82 alt="Related Topics"></a>


 &nbsp;</h5>

<p>Defines, displays or modifies the properties of the calibration standards 
 in a particular calibration kit.<span style="font-style: italic;"> <I></I></span>This 
 dialog is opened from the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a href="Calibration_Kits.htm#Add_Modify_Calibration_Kit"
	id=a22
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Add 
 or View / Modify Calibration Kit</a><script type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('a22');
//--></script></I></span> 
 dialog <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>(Add Standard... </I></span>or<span 
 style="font-style: italic;"><I> View / Modify Standard... </I></span>buttons)<span 
 style="font-style: italic;"><I>. </I></span><span>Depending on the title, some 
 control elements may not be active.</span> </p>

<p><img src="../../../small_images/info_red.jpg" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="32px" height="37px" border="0" class="img_whs1"><a href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm#Calibration_Standard_Types"
															id=A1
															style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Calibration 
 standard types</a><script type="text/javascript"
												language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A1');
//--></script>.</p>

<p class=Figure
	style="x-condition: Webhelp_Print;"><img src="Add_Standard_dialog.jpg" width="596px" height="387px" border="0" class="img_whs2"></p>

<p>In its upper part the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Add Standard 
 </I></span><span>or </span><span style="font-style: italic;"><I>View / Modify 
 Standard </I></span><span>dialog</span><span style="font-style: italic;"> 
 <I></I></span>contains several controls to do the following:</p>

<ul type="disc" class="whs3">
	
	<li class=kadov-p-CList><p class=List>Select a standard <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Type 
 </I></span><span>and its </span><span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Gender </I></span><span>(for 
 polarized/not sexless connector types and if the port assignment is not 
 restricted) and a</span>ssign a <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Label</I></span>.<span 
 style="font-style: italic;"> <I></I></span></p></li>
	
	<li class=kadov-p-CList><p class=List><span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a 
 href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm#Restrict_Port_Assignment"
	id=A7
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Restrict 
 Port Assignment</a><script type="text/javascript"
												language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A7');
//--></script></I></span></p></li>
	
	<li class=kadov-p-CList><p class=List><span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a class="dropspot" href="javascript:kadovTextPopup(this)" id="a13" style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Select 
 S-Params From</a><script type="text/javascript"
												language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('a13');
//--></script></I></span></p>
<div class="droptext" id="POPUP249397833" style="display: 'none'; " x-ss-type="dropdown">
 <p>Qualify whether the standard is described by a <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Circuit 
 Model </I></span>from which the analyzer can calculate the S-parameters or 
 by a table of measured or simulated S-parameters stored in a <a href="../../Trace/Trace_Funct/Import_Export_Data.htm#Touchstone_files"
	id=A4
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Touchstone 
 file</a>. 
 Pressing the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Read Data from File... 
 </I></span>button opens a file selection dialog where the appropriate file 
 type (*.s1p for one-port standards and *.s2p for two-port standards) is 
 automatically selected. </p>
 <p><img src="../../../small_images/note.jpg" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="36px" height="37px" border="0" class="img_whs4">The <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Sliding Match </I></span>and 
 <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Attenuation</I></span> are special <a href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm#Calibration_Standard_Types"
	id=a8
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">standard 
 types</a> 
 which must be described by a circuit model. The controls in the <span 
 style="font-style: italic;"><I>S-Params From </I></span>panel are disabled.</p>
 <p>For two-port standards described by a *.s2p file, the implicit ports 
 1 and 2 (given by the order of S-parameters Re(S11) &nbsp;&nbsp;Im(S11) 
 &nbsp;&nbsp;Re(S21) 
 &nbsp;&nbsp;Im(S21) 
 &nbsp;&nbsp;Re(S12) 
 &nbsp;&nbsp;Im(S12) 
 &nbsp;&nbsp;Re(S22) 
 &nbsp;&nbsp;Im(S22) 
 in the file) are assigned to the test ports that the analyzer actually 
 calibrates as follows: Port 1 is always assigned to the lower-numbered 
 calibrated test port, port 2 to the other (higher-numbered) calibrated 
 test port. </p>
</div></li>
</ul>

<p><span style="font-style: italic;"><I><img src="../../../small_images/tip.jpg" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="36px" height="37px" border="0" class="img_whs4"></I></span>Assigning a 
 label to standards is optional. However, the label is displayed in many 
 dialogs and can provide useful information about the standard, e.g. its 
 serial number. </p>

<p>If <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Circuit Model </I></span>is selected 
 in the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>S-params From </I></span>panel, then 
 the controls in the central panel of the dialog are enabled. The circuit 
 diagram is adjusted to the selected <a href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm#Calibration_Standard_Types"
										id=A16
										style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">standard 
 type</a><script type="text/javascript"
									language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A16');
//--></script>. 
 The following parameters can be set:</p>

<ul type="disc" class="whs3">
	
	<li class=kadov-p-CList><p class=List>Frequency range <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>(Min. 
 Freq. </I></span>to <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Max. Freq) </I></span>for 
 which the circuit model is valid. During calibration, the analyzer checks 
 whether the sweep range is contained in the validity range of all measured 
 standards and possibly generates a warning (see <span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a 
 HREF="Guided_Calibration.htm#Measure_Standards"
	id=A5
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Measure 
 Standards</a><script type="text/javascript"
											language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A5');
//--></script></I></span> 
 dialog).<span style="font-style: italic;"> <I></I></span></p></li>
	
	<li class=kadov-p-CList><p class=List><span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a 
 href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm#Modify_Offset"
	id=A6
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Offset</a><script 
 type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A6');
//--></script></I></span> 
 and<span style="font-style: italic;"> <I><a href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm#Modify_Load"
											id=A9
											style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Load</a><script 
 type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A9');
//--></script></I></span> 
 parameters of the circuit model.</p></li>
</ul>

<p class=Note><img src="../../../small_images/note.jpg" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="36px" height="37px" border="0" class="img_whs4">The impedance for waveguides is frequency-dependent. 
 If a waveguide line type is selected in the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a 
 HREF="Calibration_Kits.htm#Offset_Model_Dialog"
	id=A30
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Offset 
 Model</a><script type="text/javascript"
										language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A30');
//--></script></I></span> 
 dialog, the circuit model indicates <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>varies</I></span> 
 instead of a definite impedance value. </p>

<table x-use-null-cells class="whs5">

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="24%" class="whs7">
<p class="whs8">Remote control:</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="76%" class="whs9">
<p class="whs10"><a HREF="../../../SCPI_Reference/SENSe/SENSe_CORRection_CKIT.htm#Standard_Parameters_General"
													id=A36
													style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">[SENSe&lt;Ch&gt;:]<span 
 class=dropspot>CORRection:CKIT:&lt;std_type&gt;</a><script 
 type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A36');
//--></script> 
 </span><a HREF="../../../SCPI_Reference/SENSe/SENSe_CORRection_CKIT.htm#Standard_Parameters"
			id=A26
			style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ "><br>
[SENSe&lt;Ch&gt;:]<span class=dropspot>CORRection:CKIT:&lt;conn_type&gt;:&lt;std_type&gt;</span></a><script 
 type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A26');
//--></script><a 
 HREF="../../../SCPI_Reference/MMEMory/MMEMory.htm#LOAD_CKIT:SDATa"
	id=A34
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ "><br>
MMEMory:LOAD:CKIT:SDATa</a><script type="text/javascript"
														language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A34');
//--></script></td></tr>
</table>


<hr align="center" width="50%" class="whs11">


<h5><span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a name=Restrict_Port_Assignment></a></I></span>Restrict 
 Port Assignment</h5>

<p>Opens a dialog to define whether the standard can be connected to any 
 port of the analyzer or to just one port (for one-port standards) or a 
 pair of ports (for two-port standards). </p>

<p class=Figure
	style="x-condition: Webhelp_Print;"><img src="Restrict_Port_Assignment.jpg" width="207px" height="125px" border="0" class="img_whs12"></p>

<p>The port assignment is displayed in the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a 
 href="Calibration_Kits.htm#Add_Modify_Calibration_Kit"
	id=A3
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Add 
 or View / Modify Calibration Kit</a><script type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A3');
//--></script></I></span> 
 dialogs. </p>

<p><img src="../../../small_images/info_red.jpg" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="32px" height="37px" border="0" class="img_whs1"><a class="dropspot" href="javascript:kadovTextPopup(this)" id="a33" style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Port 
 assignment and gender</a><script type="text/javascript"
														language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('a33');
//--></script></p>

<div class="droptext" id="POPUP248783467" style="display: 'none'; " x-ss-type="dropdown">
 <p>The standards are handled differently, depending on their port assignment: 
 </p>
 <ul type="disc" class="whs3">
  <li class=kadov-p-CList>
  <p class=List>If the port assignment is not 
 restricted, the gender belongs to the definition of polarized standards. 
 When the connector type and calibration kit is selected in the <a href="Guided_Calibration.htm#Select_Connectors"
	id=a32
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">calibration 
 wizard</a>, 
 the analyzer checks whether the kit contains the necessary standard types 
 and whether the standards have the right gender. </p></li>
  <li class=kadov-p-CList>
  <p class=List>Standards with restricted port 
 assignment are assumed to have the right gender (the one required for 
 this port). In the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>View Modify Standard</I></span> 
 dialog, the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Gender:</I></span> input field 
 is disabled. In the calibration wizard, the analyzer checks whether the 
 kit contains the necessary standard types for the required ports. Instead 
 of the gender, the port assignment is stored in the calibration kit file. 
 </p></li>
 </ul>
 <p>This approach simplifies the definition of standards and helps to avoid 
 inconsistencies. </p>
</div><table x-use-null-cells class="whs5">

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="24%" class="whs7">
<p class="whs8">Remote control:</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="76%" class="whs9">
<p class="whs10"><a href="../../../SCPI_Reference/SENSe/SENSe_CORRection_CKIT.htm#Standard_Parameters_General"
													id=a37
													style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">[SENSe&lt;Ch&gt;:]<span 
 class=dropspot>CORRection:CKIT:&lt;std_type&gt;</a><script 
 type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('a37');
//--></script> 
 </span></td></tr>
</table>


<hr align="center" width="50%" class="whs11">


<h5><a name=Modify_Offset></a>Modify Offset</h5>

<p>Specifies the offset parameters for the transmission lines of a particular 
 calibration standard. This dialog is opened from the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a 
 href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm"
	id=A10
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Add 
 or View / Modify Standard...</a><script type="text/javascript"
															language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A10');
//--></script></I></span> 
 dialog (<span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Modify Offset...</I></span> button). 
 </p>

<p class=Figure
	style="x-condition: Webhelp_Print;"><img src="Modify_Offset_Agilent.gif" width="252px" height="207px" border="0" class="img_whs13"> &nbsp;<img src="Modify_Offset_ZVR.gif" width="252px" height="207px" border="0" class="img_whs13"></p>

<p>The offset parameters depend on whether or not the circuit model is 
 defined in <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Agilent Mode </I></span>(see 
 <span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a HREF="Calibration_Kits.htm#Add_Modify_Calibration_Kit"
										id=A11
										style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Add/Modify 
 Calibration</a><script type="text/javascript"
											language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A11');
//--></script> 
 Kit </I></span>dialog):<span style="font-style: italic;"> <I></I></span></p>

<ul type="disc" class="whs3">
	
	<li class=kadov-p-CList><p class=List>If<span style="font-style: italic;"><I> 
 Agilent Mode </I></span>is active, then the standard is characterized by its 
 <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Delay</I></span> (in s),<span style="font-style: italic;"> 
 <I></I></span>its characteristic impedance <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Z</I></span><span 
 style="font-style: italic; vertical-align: Sub;"><I>0</I></span> (in <span style="font-family: Symbol, serif;">W</span>) 
 and its <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Offset Loss</I></span> (in G<span 
 style="font-family: Symbol, serif;">W</span>/s). </p></li>
	
	<li class=kadov-p-CList><p class=List>If<span style="font-style: italic;"><I> 
 Agilent Mode </I></span>is switched off, then the standard is characterized 
 by the ZVR-compatible parameters <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Electrical 
 Length</I></span> (in m),<span style="font-style: italic;"> <I></I></span>its <span 
 style="font-style: italic;"><I>Char. Impedance</I></span> (in <span style="font-family: Symbol, serif;">W</span>) 
 and its <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Loss</I></span> (in dB/sqrt(GHz)). 
 The loss is zero and not editable as long as the electrical length is 
 zero. </p></li>
</ul>

<p>Both parameter sets are closely related. The <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Electrical 
 Length</I></span> is proportional to the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Delay</I></span>; 
 <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Z</I></span><span style="font-style: italic; vertical-align: Sub;"><I>0</I></span> 
 corresponds to the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Char. Impedance.</I></span> 
 Moreover the analyzer converts an Agilent-type <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Offset 
 Loss </I></span>into a ZVR-type <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Loss </I></span>and 
 vice versa using the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Relative Permittivity 
 </I></span><span style="font-style: italic; font-family: Symbol, serif;"><I>e</I></span><span 
 style="font-style: italic; vertical-align: Sub;"><I>r</I></span><span style="font-style: italic;"> 
 <I></I></span>for the connector type defined in the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a 
 HREF="Calibration_Kits.htm#Offset_Model_Dialog"
	id=A14
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Offset 
 Model...</a><script type="text/javascript"
										language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A14');
//--></script></I></span> 
 dialog. &nbsp;</p>

<p class=Dropdownline><img src="../../../small_images/info_red.jpg" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="32px" height="37px" border="0" class="img_whs1"><a class="dropspot" href="javascript:kadovTextPopup(this)" id="a17" style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Offset 
 parameters</a><script type="text/javascript"
											language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('a17');
//--></script></p>

<div class="droptext" id="POPUP252239523" style="display: 'none'; " x-ss-type="dropdown">
 <p>The offset parameters have the following physical meaning: </p>
 <ul type="disc" class="whs3">
  <li class=kadov-p-CList>
  <p class=List>The <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Delay 
 </I></span>is the propagation time of a wave traveling through the standard. 
 The <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Electrical Length </I></span>is equal 
 to the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Delay </I></span>times the speed 
 of light in the vacuum and is a measure for the length of transmission 
 line between the standard and the actual calibration plane. For a waveguide 
 with permittivity <span style="font-style: italic; font-family: Symbol, serif;"><I>e</I></span><span 
 style="font-style: italic; vertical-align: Sub;"><I>r</I></span><span style="font-style: italic;"><I></I></span>and mechanical length L<span style="vertical-align: Sub;">mech</span> 
 the following relations hold:<span style="font-style: italic;"><I></I></span></p></li>
 </ul>
 <p class=Figure
	style="margin-left: 64px; font-style: normal;"><img src="Delay_Formula.gif" width="360px" height="43px" border="0" class="img_whs14"></p>
 <p class="whs15">The default delay is 0 s, the default step 
 width is 1 ns, corresponding to a step width of 299.792 mm for the electrical 
 length. The relations hold for one-port and 2-port standards. </p>
 <ul type="disc" class="whs3">
  <li class=kadov-p-CList>
  <p class=List><span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Z</I></span><span 
 style="font-style: italic; vertical-align: Sub;"><I>0</I></span> is the <span 
 style="font-style: italic;"><I>Characteristic Impedance</I></span> of the<span 
 style="font-style: italic;"><I></I></span>standard. If the standard is terminated 
 with Z<span style="vertical-align: Sub;">0</span>, then its input impedance 
 is also equal to Z<span style="vertical-align: Sub;">0</span><span style="font-style: italic;"><I>. 
 </I></span>Z<span style="vertical-align: Sub;">0</span><span style="font-style: italic;"><I></I></span>is not necessarily equal to the reference impedance of the system 
 (depending on the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a HREF="Calibration_Kits.htm#Connector_Types"
														id=a18
														style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Connector 
 Type</a>)</I></span> 
 or the terminal impedance of the standard. The characteristic impedance 
 of the standard is only used in the context of calibration. </p></li>
 </ul>
 <p class="whs15">The default characteristic impedance is equal 
 to the reference impedance of the system. </p>
 <ul type="disc" class="whs3">
  <li class=kadov-p-CList>
  <p class=List>The <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Loss</I></span> 
 is the energy loss along the transmission line due to the skin effect. 
 For resistive lines and at RF frequencies the loss is approximately proportional 
 to the square root of the frequency. &nbsp;</p></li>
 </ul>
 <p class="whs15">In Agilent mode the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Offset 
 Loss</I></span> is expressed in units of <span style="font-family: Symbol, serif;">W</span>/s 
 at a frequency of 1 GHz. The following formula holds:</p>
 <p class=Figure
	style="margin-left: 64px;"><img src="Offset_Loss_Formula.gif" width="290px" height="47px" border="0" class="img_whs16"></p>
 <p class="whs15">To determine an offset loss value experimentally, 
 measure the delay in seconds and the loss in dB at 1 GHz and use the formula 
 above. </p>
 <p class="whs15">The default <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Loss</I></span> 
 or<span style="font-style: italic;"><I> Offset Loss</I></span> is zero. </p>
 <p class=Note><img src="../../../small_images/note.jpg" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="36px" height="37px" border="0" class="img_whs4">The impedance for waveguides is frequency-dependent. 
 If a waveguide line type is selected in the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a 
 href="Calibration_Kits.htm#Offset_Model_Dialog"
	id=a31
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Offset 
 Model</a></I></span>dialog, the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Char. Impedance </I></span>field 
 is disabled and indicates &quot;<span style="font-style: italic;"><I>varies&quot;</I></span> 
 instead of a definite impedance value. Moreover no <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Loss 
 </I></span>or <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Offset Loss </I></span>can be 
 set. </p>
</div>
<p class=Dropdownline><img src="../../../small_images/info_red.jpg" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="32px" height="37px" border="0" class="img_whs1"><a class="dropspot" href="javascript:kadovTextPopup(this)" id="a15" style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Offset 
 parameters and standard types</a><script type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('a15');
//--></script></p>

<div class="droptext" id="POPUP253531583" style="display: 'none'; " x-ss-type="dropdown">
 <p>Offset parameters are used to describe all <a href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm#Calibration_Standard_Types"
												id=a12
												style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">types 
 of standards</a> 
 except the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Sliding Match </I></span>and 
 the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Attenuation.</I></span></p>
 <ul type="disc" class="whs3">
  <li class=kadov-p-CList>
  <p class=List>The <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Sliding 
 Match</I></span> is a one-port standard with variable load parameters (sliding 
 load) and unspecified length. The reference impedance is fixed and equal 
 to the characteristic impedance of the connector type<span style="font-family: Symbol, serif;">.</span> 
 No load and offset parameters need to be set. </p></li>
  <li class=kadov-p-CList>
  <p class=List>The <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Attenuation</I></span> 
 is a two-port standard which is fully matched in both directions (the 
 reflection factor at both ports is zero). No load and offset parameters 
 need to be set. &nbsp;</p></li>
 </ul>
</div><table x-use-null-cells class="whs5">

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="24%" class="whs7">
<p class="whs8">Remote control:</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="76%" class="whs9">
<p class="whs10"><a href="../../../SCPI_Reference/SENSe/SENSe_CORRection_CKIT.htm#Standard_Parameters"
													id=a27
													style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">[SENSe&lt;Ch&gt;:]<span 
 class=dropspot>CORRection:CKIT:&lt;conn_type&gt;:&lt;std_type&gt;</span></a><script 
 type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('a27');
//--></script></td></tr>
</table>


<hr align="center" width="50%" class="whs11">


<h5><a name=Modify_Load></a>Modify Load</h5>

<p>Specifies the load parameters for a particular calibration standard 
 describing its terminal impedance. This dialog is opened from the <span 
 style="font-style: italic;"><I><a href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm"
								id=a24
								style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Add 
 or View / Modify Standard...</a><script type="text/javascript"
															language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('a24');
//--></script></I></span> 
 dialog (<span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Modify Load...</I></span> button). 
 </p>

<p class=Figure
	style="x-condition: Webhelp_Print;"><img src="Modify_Load.jpg" width="484px" height="237px" border="0" class="img_whs17"></p>

<p>The circuit model for the load consists of capacitance C which is connected 
 in parallel to an inductance L and a resistance R, both connected in series. 
 </p>

<ul type="disc" class="whs3">
	
	<li class=kadov-p-CList><p class=List><span style="font-style: italic;"><I>R</I></span> 
 is the constant resistive contribution. It is possible to select a special 
 value <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>(Open</I></span> for <img src="../../../small_images/Infinity.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="9px" border="0" class="img_whs18"> <span style="font-family: Symbol, serif;">W</span> so that 
 the inductance coefficients are irrelevant, <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Short 
 </I></span>for 0 <span style="font-family: Symbol, serif;">W,</span> <span 
 style="font-style: italic;"><I>Match</I></span> for the reference impedance of 
 the current <a HREF="Calibration_Kits.htm#Connector_Types"
				id=A19
				style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">connector 
 type</a><script type="text/javascript"
									language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A19');
//--></script>) 
 or set any resistance R. </p></li>
	
	<li class=kadov-p-CList><p class=List>The fringing capacitance <span 
 style="font-style: italic;"><I>C</I></span> and the residual inductance <span 
 style="font-style: italic;"><I>L</I></span> are both assumed to be frequency-dependent 
 and approximated by the first four terms of the Taylor series around f 
 = 0 Hz. <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>&nbsp;</I></span></p></li>
</ul>

<p class=Dropdownline><img src="../../../small_images/info_red.jpg" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="32px" height="37px" border="0" class="img_whs1"><a class="dropspot" href="javascript:kadovTextPopup(this)" id="a20" style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Load 
 parameters and standard types</a><script type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('a20');
//--></script></p>

<div class="droptext" id="POPUP256748493" style="display: 'none'; " x-ss-type="dropdown">
 <p>Load parameters are used to describe all <a href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm#Calibration_Standard_Types"
												id=a23
												style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">types 
 of standards</a> 
 except a <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Through, </I></span>a <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Sliding 
 Match, </I></span>a<span style="font-style: italic;"><I></I></span>Line<span style="font-style: italic;"><I></I></span>and an <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Attenuation.</I></span></p>
 <ul type="disc" class="whs3">
  <li class=kadov-p-CList>
  <p class=List>The <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Through 
 </I></span>standard is a through-connection between two ports with minimum 
 loss which is taken into account by the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a 
 href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm#Modify_Offset"
	id=a21
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Offset 
 Parameters</a>.</I></span></p></li>
  <li class=kadov-p-CList>
  <p class=List>The <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Sliding 
 Match</I></span> is a one-port standard with variable load parameters (sliding 
 load), so there is no fixed load model. </p></li>
  <li class=kadov-p-CList>
  <p class=List>The <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Line 
 </I></span>standard is a line of variable length with minimum loss which is 
 taken into account by the <span style="font-style: italic;"><I><a href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm#Modify_Offset"
	id=a25
	style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Offset 
 Parameters</a>.</I></span></p></li>
  <li class=kadov-p-CList>
  <p class=List>The <span style="font-style: italic;"><I>Attenuation</I></span> 
 is a two-port standard which is fully matched in both directions (the 
 reflection factor at both ports is zero). No load and offset parameters 
 need to be set. &nbsp;</p></li>
 </ul>
</div><table x-use-null-cells class="whs5">

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="24%" class="whs7">
<p class="whs8">Remote control:</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="76%" class="whs9">
<p class="whs10"><a href="../../../SCPI_Reference/SENSe/SENSe_CORRection_CKIT.htm#Standard_Parameters"
													id=a28
													style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">[SENSe&lt;Ch&gt;:]<span 
 class=dropspot>CORRection:CKIT:&lt;conn_type&gt;:&lt;std_type&gt;</span></a><script 
 type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('a28');
//--></script></td></tr>
</table>


<hr align="center" width="50%" class="whs11">


<h5><a name=Calibration_Standard_Types></a>Calibration Standard Types </h5>

<p>The following table gives an overview of the different standards and 
 their offset and load models: </p>

<table x-use-null-cells cellspacing="0" class="whs19">
<script language='JavaScript'><!--
if ((navigator.appName == "Netscape") && (parseInt(navigator.appVersion) == 4)) document.write("</table><table x-use-null-cells cellspacing='0' border='1' bordercolor='black' bordercolorlight='black' bordercolordark='black'>");
//--></script>
<col>
<col>
<col>
<col>
<col>

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td class="whs20">
<p class=Tabcmu1>Standard Type</td>
<td class="whs21">
<p class=Tabcmu1>Characteristics</td>
<td class="whs21">
<p class=Tabcmu1>Ideal Standard (Dummy Parameters)</td>
<td class="whs21">
<p class=Tabcmu1>Offset Model</td>
<td class="whs21">
<p class=Tabcmu1>Load Model</td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td class="whs22">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Open</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Open circuit (one-port)</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Infinity.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="9px" border="0" class="img_whs18"><span style="font-family: Symbol, serif;">W</span></td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td class="whs22">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Short</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Short circuit (one-port)</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>0 <span style="font-family: Symbol, serif;">W</span></td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td class="whs22">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Offset short</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Short circuit with added electrical length offset, for 
 waveguide calibration (one-port) </td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>0 <span style="font-family: Symbol, serif;">W</span></td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td class="whs22">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Match</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Matched broadband termination (one-port)</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Z<span style="vertical-align: Sub;">0</span> (reference 
 impedance of the connector type)</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td class="whs22">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Sliding match</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>One-port standard consisting of an air line with a movable, 
 low-reflection load element (sliding load).<span style="x-condition: OLH;">See 
 </span><a HREF="Guided_Calibration.htm#Measure_Standards"
			id=A35
			style="x-condition: OLH; /*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ ">Measure 
 Standards</a><script type="text/javascript"
											language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('A35');
//--></script>. 
 </td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>&#8211;</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>&#8211; 
 </td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>&#8211;</td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td class="whs22">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Reflect</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Unknown mismatched standard (one-port)</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Infinity.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="9px" border="0" class="img_whs18"><span style="font-family: Symbol, serif;">W</span></td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td class="whs22">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Through</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Through-connection with minimum loss (two-port)</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>&#8211;</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>&#8211;</td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td class="whs22">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Line</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Line for TRL calibration with minimum loss (two-port)</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>&#8211;</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>&#8211;</td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td class="whs22">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Attenuation</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Fully matched standard in both directions (two-port; the 
 reflection factor at both ports is zero).</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>&#8211;</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>&#8211;</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>&#8211;</td></tr>

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td class="whs22">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Symm. network</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>Unknown mismatched reflection-symmetric standard (two-port)</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2>&#8211;</td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td>
<td class="whs23">
<p class=Tabcmu2><img src="../../../small_images/Box_checked.gif" x-maintain-ratio="TRUE" width="16px" height="14px" border="0" class="img_whs24"></td></tr>
<script language='JavaScript'><!--
if ((navigator.appName == "Netscape") && (parseInt(navigator.appVersion) == 4)) document.write("</table></table><table>");
//--></script>
</table>

<table x-use-null-cells class="whs5">

<tr valign="top" class="whs6">
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="24%" class="whs7">
<p class="whs8">Remote control:</td>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1" width="76%" class="whs9">
<p class="whs10"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">For 
 an overview of standard parameters see also</span> <a href="../../../SCPI_Reference/SENSe/SENSe_CORRection_CKIT.htm#Standard_Parameters"
														id=a29
														style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ "><br>
[SENSe&lt;Ch&gt;:]<span class=dropspot>CORRection:CKIT:&lt;conn_type&gt;:&lt;std_type&gt;</span></a><script 
 type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('a29');
//--></script></td></tr>
</table>


<hr align="center" width="50%" class="whs11">


<p class=Dropdownline
	style="color: #ff0000; x-condition: OLH;"><a href="Add_Modify_Standard.htm"
												id=a2
												style="/*begin!kadov{{*/ position: relative; /*}}end!kadov*/ "><input type="image" name="image" src="../../../small_images/baby_up.gif" x-save-method="compute-relative" style="width: 20px;
			height: 23px;
			x-condition: OLH;"></a><script type="text/javascript"
	language=JavaScript1.2><!--
kadovInitEffects('a2');
//--></script></p>

<script language="javascript1.2" type="text/javascript"><!--
kadovTextPopupInit('a13','POPUP249397833');
//--></script><script language="javascript1.2" type="text/javascript"><!--
kadovTextPopupInit('a33','POPUP248783467');
//--></script><script language="javascript1.2" type="text/javascript"><!--
kadovTextPopupInit('a17','POPUP252239523');
//--></script><script language="javascript1.2" type="text/javascript"><!--
kadovTextPopupInit('a15','POPUP253531583');
//--></script><script language="javascript1.2" type="text/javascript"><!--
kadovTextPopupInit('a20','POPUP256748493');
//--></script><script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" title="WebHelpRelatedTopics"><!--
if (parseInt(navigator.appVersion) >= 3 && typeof (WritePopupMenuLayer) == "function")
  WritePopupMenuLayer();
//--></script><script type="text/javascript" language="javascript1.2">
<!--
if (window.writeIntopicBar)
	writeIntopicBar(0);
//-->
</script>
</body>
</html>
